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Rastislav of Moravia
Rastislav or Rostislav, also known as St. Rastislav, (Latin: ''Rastiz'', Greek: ''Rasisthlabos'') was the second known ruler of Moravia (846–870).〔Spiesz ''et al.'' 2006, p. 20.〕 Although he started his reign as vassal to Louis the German, king of East Francia, he consolidated his rule to the extent that after 855 he was able to repel a series of Frankish attacks.〔Spiesz ''et al.'' 2006, pp. 20-21.〕 Upon his initiative two brothers, Cyril and Methodius sent by the Byzantine Emperor Michael III in 863, translated the most important Christian liturgical books into Slavonic in his realm.〔Spiesz ''et al.'' 2006, p. 22.〕 Rastislav was dethroned by his nephew Svatopluk I who handed him over to the Franks.〔Spiesz ''et al.'' 2006, p. 21.〕
== Early life ==
According to the ''Annals of Fulda'', Rastislav was a nephew of Mojmir I, the first known ruler of Moravia. His career before 846 is unknown,〔The Slovakian historian, Stanislav J. Kirschbaum refers to Rastislav as prince of Nitra in the period before 846 (Kirschbaum 2005, p. 26.; Kirschbaum 2007, pp. xxiv., 207., 238.).〕 but it is conceivable that he served as a hostage for his uncle at Louis the German's court.〔 The latter invaded Moravia in 846, deprived Mojmir I of his throne, and installed Rastislav as the new duke of Moravia. Rastislav seems to have already been Christian when he became duke, but there is no doubt that he was baptized at the latest in 846 as part of the conditions for his support by the East Frankish king.〔
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